Beware of Summertime Boating and Drinking in Arizona
by
Aaron M. Black • July 31, 2020
Summertime and boating go hand- in-hand on Arizona’s lakes and rivers but if you’re operating a watercraft while impaired one of several law enforcement agencies can ruin your day and in severe cases harm your way of life.
Just as on the streets, law enforcement is in force on the waterways, particularly on popular holidays. Officers of Arizona Game and Fish, State Park Department, and Maricopa County sheriff’s deputies are watching. Lake Havasu and certain other places are patrolled by the U.S. Coast Guard and federal authorities.
The greater Phoenix area has seven Lakes that law enforcement patrols:
- Apache Lake
- Bartlett Lake
- Canyon Lake
- Saguaro Lake
- Tempe Town Lake
- City Urban Lakes
Arizona Game and Fish has more than 125,000 registered watercrafts on its books, so the waterways are crowded. Impairment by alcohol or drugs is the primary reason for accidents and injuries involving watercrafts.
Did you know you don’t have to be operating the watercraft to be arrested? All you have to be is in “actual physical control.” That means you can be sitting in the boat in close proximity to the controls, or a key on a chain around your neck, to start the engine and still be arrested.
Boating impairment charges - Operating Under The Influence / OUI
You’ve heard of DUI. But instead of “driving”, a watercraft has an “operator” so boating under the influence of alcohol or drugs offense is called Operating under the influence, OUI.Other than that distinction, the blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) for impairment is the same on water as it is on roads.
Arizona has some of the toughest impairment laws in the nation with a zero tolerance policy for operating a watercraft while impaired to the “slightest degree.” That means if your BAC is below the baseline of 0.08 percent you can still be arrested on a Class 1 misdemeanor charge, the most serious of the misdemeanor classes, under Arizona Revised Statute §28-1381.
More serious OUI offenses are charged for BAC tests showing higher levels. A BAC of .15 is increased to an extreme OUI and a super extreme OUI starts at 0.20 BAC. An OUI charge becomes a felony if someone is hurt, killed or property is significantly damaged in a boating incident.
Reasons authorities can detain you
If you commit an infraction, no matter how small such as an expired boat registration, you can be detained. Authorities look for reckless acts committed on the water:- Speeding or traveling at a pace that is dangerous for the conditions.
- Showing a wanton or willful disregard for other people or property.
- Not wearing a life jacket or other required safety equipment on board.
- Passengers riding on the gunwales or on an open or closed bow while moving at a speed that causes a wake.
Should an officer suspect that you’re impaired, you’ll be asked to take a field sobriety test and breathe into a breathalyzer that determines your BAC. You can refuse to take these tests, but if you do your driver’s license can be suspended.
Best way to behave when you’re stopped
I always advise people to let the officer build the case and to not contribute to the investigation by convicting yourself in answering questions.Example: “How much have you had to drink? That’s a leading question and establishes suspicion of intoxication. Just politely say that you prefer to exercise your constitutional right to remain silent. That’s your right under the Fifth Amendment. The questioning should stop but an aggressive officer may continue to question you so don’t be fooled.
You also have the right to have an attorney present during questioning to prevent you from aiding the state’s case.
Possible OUI defenses
Not answering questions is your first line of defense. Every OUI case has its particular set of facts and circumstances that will guide your defense. These are possible defenses:- The officer didn’t have a reasonable suspicion or probable cause to detain you.
- A search of your craft for evidence was illegal.
- The breathalyzer device gave an incorrect reading because of miscalibration or another fault.
- Field sobriety tests aren’t conclusive. Some people may not have the dexterity to stand on one foot or your “sea legs” or some physical ailment can confuse the test results.
- A blood draw may not have been stored properly and is tainted.
- The officer didn’t advise you of your Miranda rights.
OUI penalties are severe
A first offense for a Class 1 misdemeanor OUI is punishable by 10 days in jail, but nine of those days can be suspended if you successfully complete an alcohol/drug education class at your own expense. The financial penalty totals $1,510.50. It is possible to stay out of jail on a first time regular DUI.Second and third misdemeanor convictions increases these punishments.
If a felony conviction happens, you’ll be stripped of your right to vote in elections and the right to own and possess a firearm, among other life-altering events such as the loss of a job or a professional license.
